以觀音靈籤作為華語閱讀教材及其教學設計

Developing a Reading Material Based on Kuan Yin Temple Oracle for Learners of Chinese as a Foreign Language

古代漢語蘊藏著豐富的中華文化寶藏，然而文言漢語常被一般人視為是死亡的語言，尤其在以華語為第二語言的教學領域裡，教材多以白話文為大宗，文言常常未得到太多的關注。對於此種現象學者們也提出了不同的看法。文言的遣詞用字洗鍊優美，適當的學習可以提升學習者的修辭知識、成語知識，更能帶領學習者一窺中華文化的精髓，領略漢語語言文化之美。我們選擇觀音靈籤作為中高級對外漢語閱讀教材的理由如下：第一，籤詩帶有謎樣的色彩，許多外籍人士對東方的求籤文化感到好奇，如果將這股好奇心結合華語學習，將是一莫大的學習助力。第二，觀音靈籤雖屬於文言漢語較為深奧難懂，但其中含藏了許多現代漢語常用的成語或習慣語，若熟悉這些詞語，學習者的語文程度將提升至另一個更高的階段。第三，一些研究顯示，學習者對於故事性的教材最感興趣。在每一首觀音靈籤的籤題背後都有一個歷史故事典故，因此學習起來饒富趣味，也能加深學習者的記憶與文化知識。

When people are perplexed with some questions in their life, one of the Asian/Chinese ways of approaching the problem is to seek guidance from Gods or Goddesses through temple divination. The oracle/poetry that one gets from the temple is the God/Goddess' answer to his/her question. In Taiwan, Long Shan Temple is one of the must-visit attractions for many foreigners and Kuan Yin Oracle Board is used there. Temple divination is a mysterious ritual for many foreigners. Temple oracle therefore, we think, might become interesting and authentic reading material for Chinese language learners. Kuan Yin Temple Oracle is widely used in Chinese temples in different countries and it has a hundred poems written in classical Chinese. In this research, we firstly study the origin, the function and the structure of Kuan Yin Temple Oracle. We also review the literature on strategies of teaching classical text with the discussion of its role in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. We then list our guiding principles and methods of developing the Kuan Yin Oracle reading material tailored for foreign learners of Chinese. Finally, we try to design the teaching strategies for this special reading material, including several task-based learning activities. Suggestions for future research and practice are also provided.