強暴迷思的認同與延伸

Rape Myths: Acceptance and Propagation

本研究探討三項有關強暴迷思的問題：大專學生對強暴迷思的認同程度、強暴迷思與背景變項及社會讚許反應之間的關聯、強暴迷思是否有延伸至強暴當事人的家人與朋友的現象。本研究以具有全國代表性的大專學生為研究對象，其中大專男生732 位，大專女生723 位，共計有效樣本數1,455 位。採取無記名自陳式問卷調查法蒐集資料。研究結果發現：大專學生對強暴加害人迷思的認同程度高於對強暴被害人迷思的認同程度，男生對強暴迷思的認同程度高於女生，私立大專學生對強暴迷思認同程度高於公立大專學生，而研究參與者的年齡、父母親的教育程度、及城鄉背景對強暴迷思認同度均無影響。強暴迷思與社會讚許反應呈低度正相關，顯示認同強暴迷思，可能是社會所期許的方向。此外，具有高強暴迷思認同度的大專學生，亦常具有高延伸迷思認同度，並且強暴迷思與延伸迷思具有概念上的聚合性，以及區辨無關概念上的一致性，顯示強暴迷思具有延伸到強暴當事人的家人與朋友現象。最後就本研究結果、限制、及未來研究方向進行討論。

This study investigates three issues regarding rape myths: the degree of acceptance of rape myths among Taiwanese college students; the associations between rape myths, background variables and social desirability; and whether rape myths propagate from rape victims and offenders to their families and friends. A representative national sample of college students was selected using a random sampling procedure. 1,455 participants (732 male, 723 female) were recruited for data collection. Results showed that acceptance of the rape-offender myth was higher than that of the rape-victim myth; that acceptance of rape myths was higher among male college students than their female counterparts; and that acceptance rates were higher in private universities than in public ones. It was also found that age, parental education, and urban/rural backgrounds have no influence on acceptance to rape myths. Social desirability and acceptance of rape myths yielded a weak positive correlation, indicating that acceptance may be a socially desirable response. In addition, participants with higher degrees of rape myth acceptance frequently showed higher degrees of extended rape myth acceptance as well, and rape myths and extended rape myths are conceptually convergent. This confirms that rape myths propagate from rape victims and offenders to their families and friends. Finally, the results, limitations of this study, and directions for future study are addressed.