員工動機與政治技能行為：報之調節效果

The Relationships between Employee Motivation and Political Skill: The Moderating Effects of Bao

近年由於研究者重新界定政治技能行為的定義，同時，近期研究指出在職場中展現政治技能行為，對於個人工作表現及事業成功均具有正向影響，使得政治技能行為在組織行為議題中的重要性逐漸提升。儘管近期研究頗多，然而，在華人企業組織中，針對政治技能行為的研究仍屬少數，而對於政治技能行為前置因素的理解亦相當有限。因此，本研究以工作動機理論為基礎，說明員工動機與政治技能行為之間的關係。另外，華人的社會取向成就動機亦可能是重要的前置變項。此外，個人對行為所抱持的期望信念亦可能是工作動機與政治技能行為之間關係的重要調節因素之一，如華人「報」的信念。因此，本研究針對「報」發展出新量表並進行初步探索，藉由蒐集台灣企業組織中214名員工的問卷資料進行分析，結果指出：政治技能行為與個我取向成就動機、親和動機、以及權力動機，均具有顯著正向關聯，與社會取向成就動機則具有顯著負向關聯；然而，華人工具報、情感報、及因果報信念對於員工動機與政治技能行為之間關聯性的調節效果並未達到顯著。最後，說明本研究的主要貢獻與研究限制，並對未來研究方向與管理實務意涵，提供些許建議。

Recent research has reconceptualized political skill as an active and purposeful interpersonal skill that is beneficial to personal and organizational achievement. Studies also show that political skill is positively associated with employee effectiveness. Although political skill has regained attention in recent years, little is known about the antecedent of political skill. Thus, based on work motivation theories, this study explored the relationship between employee motivation and political skill. Chinese social-oriented achievement motivation (SOAM) was also included in this model. This study also investigated the moderating effect of Bao (報, interpersonal exchange beliefs in the Chinese context) in the relationship between motivation and political skill. To conduct the exploratory study on Bao, we collected data from 214 employees, and the results indicated that political skill is positively associated with individual-oriented achievement motivation (IOAM), affiliation motivation, and power motivation, but negatively associated to SOAM. However, Bao was not found to moderate the relationship between motivation and political skill. Finally, the contributions and limitations of the study are discussed, and suggestions for future research and managerial practices in Chinese organizations are offered.