工作家庭衝突及人力資源管理對策

Antecedents and Outcomes of Work Family Conflict

為瞭解工作家庭衝突及其與前因變數和後果變數之間的關係，採用他評形式，利用改編的工作家庭衝突問卷和工作壓力問卷、家庭壓力問卷、總體生活滿意度問卷、一般健康問卷、工作倦怠問卷等，對403 名河南省各行業的從業人員進行調查。採用方差分析、相關分析及回歸分析等方法對資料進行分析的結果表明：（1）工作家庭衝突在被評價者類別和被評價者的性別、年齡等人口學變數上差異不顯著。（2）家中正在撫養的子女數量顯著影響家庭對工作衝突；投入家庭生活的時間可以有效降低工作對家庭衝突；工作壓力顯著影響工作對家庭衝突以及家庭對工作衝突；家庭壓力顯著影響家庭對工作衝突。（3）工作對家庭衝突顯著地負面影響生活滿意度；而家庭對工作衝突顯著影響心理健康，家庭對工作衝突越大，個體的心理健康水準越低；工作對家庭衝突和家庭對工作衝突均顯著影響工作倦怠的耗竭向度；家庭對工作衝突顯著影響工作倦怠的人格解體向度；工作對家庭衝突顯著地負面影響工作倦怠的成就感降低向度，亦即工作對家庭衝突越大，個體的成就感反而越高。

In order to understand the relationship between work family conflict and antecedents, outcomes of work family conflict, we use questionnaires (Work-Family Conflict and Family-Work Conflict, Work Tension Scale, Home Tension Scale, SWLS, GHQ-12, CMBI, etc.) to measure related variables. Most of the variables are rated by others. The results indicate: (1)gender, age, and category of raters have no significant influence on work family conflict; (2)the number of children raised in home has significant positive influence on family-to-work conflict(FWC); the number of days one spends on housework can reduce work-to-family conflict(WFC); work tension has significant positive influence on both WFC and FWC; home tension has significant positive influence on FWC; and(3)WFC has significant negative influence on life satisfaction; FWC has significant negative influence on mental health; both WFC and FWC have significant positive influence on exhaustion, FWC has significant positive influence on depersonalization, WFC has significant negative influence on reduced personal accomplishment, that means WFC has significant positive influence on personal accomplishments.