精神分析與法國臨床心理學的建立：歷史回顧與探討

Psychoanalysis and the Constitution of French Clinical Psychology: A Historical and Critical Review

本文首先從歷史的角度探討精神分析對法國臨床心理學發展的影響。雖然精神分析始終是法國臨床心理學的主要理論根據，但兩者畢竟不完全等同。兩者之間的差異性，由彼此對於心理治療之構想的不同可見一斑。而從精神分析治療的特殊性觀之，我們更可見出精神分析治療與廣義心理治療的差異所在。最後，本文亦嘗試從法國的例子與精神分析特殊性的角度，探討精神分析在當代心理治療中可能扮演的角色。

This paper first discusses how psychoanalysis influenced the development of French clinical psychology from a historical perspective. Although psychoanalysis has been a major theoretical basis for French clinical psychology, they are not identical. Their differences can be seen from their divergent conceptions on psychotherapy. For its particularity of treatment, we may further differentiate psychoanalysis from general psychotherapy. Lastly, this paper also attempts to explore what possible roles psychoanalysis may play in contemporary psychotherapy, inferring from examples in France and particularity of psychoanalysis.