氣喘病患居家自我照顧行為及其相關因素之探討

Self-Care Behavior and their Associated Factors in Patients with Asthma

本研究目的在探討氣喘患者居家自我照顧行為及其相關影響因素。使用「基本屬性及疾病狀況記錄表」、「自我照顧行為量表」、「健康信念量表」等研究工具進行訪談，在東部三家區域級以上醫院，以方便取樣方式共收集145位氣喘個案為對象。資料分析方面包括描述性統計、t檢定(t-test)、單因子變異數分析(one way ANOVA)、皮爾森積差相關(Pearson's correlation)、逐步複迴歸分析(stepwise multiple regression)。研究結果發現，個案對於氣喘之健康信念(r= .30, p< .01)以及氣喘知識(r= .47, p< .01)與自我照顧行為呈顯著正相關，其中以利益性信念及婚姻狀況，共可解釋自我照顧行為之41.5％。本研究結果可提供氣喘疾病之防治及管理策略時的參考，希望藉此提升個案生活品質，並降低醫療資源之耗用。

The purpose of this study was to explore the self-care behaviors of asthma patients at home and its related factors. Research tools such as: “Basic attributes and illness condition record”, “Self-care behavior scale” and “Health belief scale”, were used in conducting the interviews. A total of 145 subjects were recruited from three regional (or higher level) hospitals in eastern Taiwan. All data analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. According to the results, individual target’s health belief (r = .30, p< .01) and knowledge on asthma (r = .47, p< .01) show positive correlation with the self-care behaviors, perceived benefits and marital status were able to explain 41.5% of the self-care behaviors. The results of this study provided a reference for the prevention, treatment, and management strategies of asthma, with the aim of improving the individual patient’s living quality, as well as reducing the consumption of medical resource.