急性胰臟炎病患營養處置之相關議題

Nutrition Management for Acute Pancreatitis Patients

本文的目的為探討相關文獻並比較腸道營養法與靜脈營養法二者之差異。急性胰臟炎病患會因代謝上的壓力及額外熱量的需求，導致營養的惡化，故適當的營養支持可以加速病患的復原情況。急性胰臟炎病患傳統上常採禁食，以避免食物刺激胰臟的分泌而加重病情，並以靜脈營養法來改善病患之營養狀態。但是現今許多研究改變多年的觀點，發現腸道營養法有減少靜脈營養法的合併症和縮短住院天數的傾向，可能是更適合急性胰臟炎病患的營養療法。對於腸道營養法是否比靜脈營養法更有效和更安全，未來仍需要更多的研究來證明。

The purpose of this paper is to explore and compare the differences between enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition from literature review. Acute pancreatitis creates a catabolic stress state and results in extreme energy demands which might lead to severe malnutrition. Adequate supply of nutrients plays an important role to ensure optimum recovery. Traditionally, nutritional support during the acute phase of the disease was fasting to avoid pancreatic secretion and provided total parenteral nutrition. However, recent studies have changed those assumed for years. Recent literature showed a trend of less untoward complications and a shorter hospital stay for enteral nutrition than parenteral nutrition. There are insufficient data to draw firm conclusions about the effectiveness and safety of enteral nutrition. Further trials with sufficient size are mandatory.