產褥期婦女之睡眠品質及其相關因素

The Quality of Sleep and Its Associated Factors in the Puerperium Women

本研究目的是探討產褥期婦女的睡眠品質狀況及影響睡眠品質的相關因素。採描述性及相關性研究，立意取樣某教學醫院產後一個月在家休養之婦女110位。以愛丁堡產後憂鬱量表(EPDS)評量其產後憂鬱，並以匹茲堡睡眠品質量表(PSQI)測量其睡眠品質及功能性社會支持量表測其感受到的社會支持程度。結果發現產褥期婦女睡眠品質平均得分為8.51±3.69，而睡眠品質差者(PSQI>5分)佔78.2%，睡眠品質良好者(PSQI≦5分)有21.8%，41.8%的產婦對睡眠品質感到不滿意，睡眠時數平均5.72±1.50小時，73.7%睡眠效率差(<85%)。而「產後憂鬱」及「與寶寶同床」與睡眠品質呈顯著相關，可以解釋睡眠品質變異量為28%，其中以產後憂鬱的解釋力佔22%。本研究結果顯示多數產褥期的婦女其睡眠品質偏差，而憂鬱對產婦的睡眠品質是一重要的預測因子。本研究結果可以提供護理人員對產褥期婦女睡眠品質現況的瞭解，給予個別性及適切性的預防措施及處置，以增進產後婦女的睡眠品質。

The purposes of this study were to investigate the quality of sleep and related factors among puerperium women. One hundred and ten women who were in postpartum one month were recruited from the medical center in northern Taiwan. Postpartum depression, quality of sleep, and self-perceived social support degree were measured by EPDS, PSQI, and Functional Social Support Scale, respectively. The results showed that the average PSQI score were 8.51 3.69 and 78.2% of the subjects were rated as poor sleepers (PSQI>5). About 41.8% of the subjects were not satisfied with self-perceived quality of sleep and the average sleep duration was 5.72 1.50 hours. About 73.7% of the subjects had sleep efficiency less than 85%. Postpartum depression and sleeping with baby could explain 28% of the variation of sleep quality. The result of this study indicated that postpartum depression is a very important factor predicting sleep quality. The findings of this study provided nurses with better understanding about improving the quality of sleep for postpartum women to improve their sleep quality in the future.