重症病人的營養照護

Nutritional Support and Nursing Care for Critically lled Patients

重症的病人，因為疾病的因素導致營養的供應方式與需求上會產生很大的變化，所以若未因病況做適當的調整，將會延後病況的恢復。腸胃道灌食的重要性，不只是提供所需的營養而已，更是引發腸胃道黏膜產生免疫作用的關鍵。因此，護理人員在面對重症病人的營養照護上，除了需評估疾病史、實驗室檢驗數值及病人實際觀察的狀況外，更需對於營養的消化吸收與補充方式有全盤的了解，協助病人早日由腸胃道獲得營養，才能使病人有最好的營養照護。

The method of and demand for nutritional support of the critically illed patient are influenced by the development of illness. If the nutrition is not appropriately regulated, recovery will be delayed. Enteral feeding provides not only necessary nutrition but also preserves the gastrointestinal mucosalderived immunity. Comprehensive assessment for high-risk cases should include disease history, examination report, and thorough observation of condition, as well as nutrition supply and absorption so that the patients can obtain sufficient nutrition and response to enteral feeding as soon as possible.