焦慮之概念分析

Anxiety: A Concept Analysis

焦慮是一種不愉快的情緒感覺，為個體煩惱、苦悶的主觀經驗，可說是個人面對環境無把握或對不可知的未來感到威脅時的一種令人困惑之感受。生活中出現暫時性的焦慮並非心理異常，然而長期處於焦慮的情境下便會影響身心健康。因此，護理人員對「焦慮」這個抽象概念應充分瞭解，適時提供護理處置，方可協助病患緩解焦慮。本文運用Walker和Avent(1995)所描述概念分析的步驟，統整相關文獻後，擬立「焦慮」概念之鑑定性特徵、相關之前因及後果、實證工具，並舉出模範案例、邊緣案例及相反案例來加以澄清此概念。其目的在使護理人員能更具體且正確的在護理專業中評估及運用「焦慮」的概念。

Anxiety is an unpleasantly emotional state consisting of feeling of tension, nervousness, and worry with activation. Person experiences a plethora of anxiety would cause damage to one’s physical and mental health. It is imperative that nurses could recognize the patients’ feelings and needs to help them build on positive emotions as well as promote relaxation. Applying concept analysis, the authors provided information on definition, critical attributes, antecedents, and consequences of anxiety, and present both references for empirical research and construct demonstration examples. The article concluded with a discussion of potential applications to nursing practices.