護生生理週期變化之研究

A Study of Female Reproductive Cycles in Student Nurses

月經相關問題不僅降低女性的生活品質，同時也造成嚴重的經濟損失與生育力的下降。由於國內較缺乏護生卵巢週期變化的相關研究，因此本研究將建立護生生理週期（包括卵巢週期與月經週期）變化的基礎資料；為瞭解生理週期與生活因子的相關性，本研究以系統抽樣法隨機選取某技術學院147名在校五專護生為研究對象。研究期間個案每日測量基礎體溫，並填寫日誌表記錄每日發生的生活事件，另配合個案的月經週期變化將基礎體溫繪成卵巢週期的變化曲線。研究結果指出(1)一年級、三年級和五年級護生的初經年齡有明顯差異(p< .05)；(2)護生身體質量指數與月經週期規律性有統計顯著相關；(3)護生生活因子（如吸煙、二手煙暴露、喝咖啡、喝酒習慣、運動和吃冰品習慣、自覺的生活滿意度及生活壓力等）分別與月經週期及卵巢週期規律性之間無顯著相關；(4)83%的護生抱怨有痛經現象，而參加考試和繳交報告、二手煙暴露與痛經現象之間呈現明顯相關 (p< .05)。未來將針對臺灣婦女進行大規模的生理週期調查研究，以瞭解其卵巢週期與月經週期的變化及其相關影響因素，以做為未來探討臺灣各年齡層婦女生理週期變化研究之基礎，提供政府單位擬定婦女健康政策之參考。

Menstrual diseases not only reduce the quality of life of women, but they also cause serious economic losses through lost workdays and decreased productivity. Until now, no study showed that variations of ovarian cycles in student nurses in Taiwan. This study established a basic dataset on variations of the female reproductive cycles (ovarian cycles and menstrual cycles) in student nurses in Taiwan. In order to understand the relationship between the female reproductive cycle and life factors, 147 nursing students from a junior nursing college were randomly selected. All subjects measured and recorded their basal body temperature (BBT) each day during the study period and filled out life record forms describing daily life events and the changes of their menstrual cycle. Diagrams of the peak changes of the ovarian cycles were drawn according to the changes of their BBT and each menstrual cycle. The results showed that (1) there were statistically significant differences (p< .05) in the age of menarche among the first-, third-, and fifth-grade student nurses; (2) a statistical correlation was found between body mass index and regularity of the menstrual cycle; (3) there was no correlation among life factors (such as smoking, passive tobacco smoke exposure, drinking coffee/wine, exercise, eating ice, perceived level of satisfaction/pressure in life) and the regularity of menstrual/ovarian cycles; (4) in the 83% of the nursing students complaining of dysmenorrhea, taking examinations/submitting reports, passive smoke exposure were found to be associated with dysmenorrhea among those who have complained the symptom. A large-scale investigation is warranted to understand the variations of reproductive cycles and associated factors. Such a study will help to explore the variation of the female reproductive cycle of different ages, and to provide the government with a reference for women's health policies.