木材視覺意象之研究——以臺灣產商用針葉樹為例

Visual Image Analysis of Wood-A Case Study on Commercial Conifers Grown in Taiwan

本文旨在探討台灣產商用針葉樹材質之視覺意象感受與色彩紋理之相關性，研究樣本係採用行政院農業委員會林業試驗所，提供之15 種常用商用木材之弦／徑切面各1 片，共計30 片樣本。首先，透過內容分析法與專家效度彙整出木材紋理類別，其次，經由實驗研究法進行木材色彩物理量之測量，並運用語意差異法問卷調查，共計回收有效問卷72 份，藉以瞭解木材視覺之心理量，再經由統計分析探討心理量與物理量之相關性，研究結果顯示：（1） 台灣產之商用針葉樹材，其中，較具「高級的」、「典雅的」、「精緻的」、「溫暖的」、「柔和的」意象者，皆為紅豆杉之徑切面；而較具「自然的」意象者為台灣扁柏之弦切面；另外，較具「普通的」、「俗氣的」、「粗糙的」意象則為琉球松之弦切面；而較具「生硬的」、「人造的」意象者為台灣二葉松之徑切面。（2） 經由木材視覺意象與色彩、紋理之相關分析，其結果得知：針葉樹種之「高級的－－普通的」意象與色彩a*值，呈現顯著相關性；愈具高級意象者其色彩a*值愈大，而愈具普通意象者其色彩a*值愈小，即愈具高級的意象者其色彩紅色程度愈高。另外，「柔和的－－生硬的」意象與色彩L*值，呈現顯著相關性，愈具柔和意象者其色彩L*值愈大，而愈具生硬意象者其色彩L*值愈小，即愈具柔和的意象其色彩愈明亮。

The purpose of this research is to explore the relation between visual image and grain color of commercial conifers grown in Taiwan. A total of thirty samples supplied by the Taiwan Forestry Research Institute are used for this study: one tangential section and one radial section for each of the fifteen kinds of commonly-used commercial conifer woods in Taiwan, respectively. Firstly, content analysis and expert validity are performed so as to categorize the samples based on grain and texture. Secondly, in order to grasp the psychological effects of different materials on consumers, experiments are carried out to measure the physical effect of color, coupled with information collected from 72 questionnaires, which are constructed using the semantic differential method. Lastly, data obtained in stage two are analyzed to identify any statistically significant relationship between the psychological effect and the physical effect. The findings of this research are listed as follows: 1. The image of the radial section of Taxus Mairei is perceived as high quality, elegant, exquisite, warm and gentle, whereas the tangential section image of Chamaecyparis obtuse Endl. var. formosana gives a natural sentiment; the image of the tangential section of Pinus luchuensis is described as ordinary, meretricious and rough, and the radial section image of Pinus taiwanensis is seen as rigid and artificial. 2. The result indicates that there is a positive correlation between 'High Quality-Ordinary' variable and the a* value of grain color; this means that higher a* values are associated with higher image quality, and lower a* values are associated with ordinary image quality. Furthermore, redder color level is associated with higher image quality. In addition to these findings, 'Gentle-Rigid' variable is also found to be positively correlated to the L* value of grain color; this indicates that the gentler the image is perceived the greater the L* value, and the more rigid the image the smaller the L* value. Finally, gentler image is also found to be associated with brighter color.