當代行人徒步街發展研究——從德國經驗到臺灣本土的實踐

An Experimental Study on Pedestrian Mall-From the Development of German Experience to the Current Practices in Taiwan

當代行人徒步街發展，最早創始於德國，從1920s開始發展至今，德國的徒步街發展漸趨成熟，各國的徒步街發展也多少受到其影響。其發展過程中，因著不同時期的時代背景考量，從早期為解決汽車交通問題的策略，變成都市計畫與設計的重要概念，更成為許多城市都市更新的重要手段，因而探討德國的徒步街發展有其重要性。台灣的行人徒步街發展，則從1980s開始，呈現兩種不同的方向：一個是公部門主導的都市更新策略，以台北市西門徒步區為創始的案例；另一個則為私人企業團體為著提高房地產附加價值，所提出來的空間行銷策略，以台中市精明一街徒步街為代表。這兩種不同出發點的徒步街形式，也成為後續徒步街發展的重要指標。 本文企圖探討當代行人徒步街發展，在創始的德國以及台灣本土的發展概況，並從中釐清當代徒步街所具有的特點與發展趨勢，以作為後續類似案例的參考。德國的部分主要探討其不同階段的發展情形、重要發展概念與相關發展策略與影響。台灣本土案例的探討部分，則以分別代表公私部門的兩個起始案例，探討其差異性。

The development of pedestrian mall was first initiated in Germany in 1920s. Since then, the German experience on the creation of pedestrian malls has gradually matured and has significant impact on other countries. The path of German pedestrian mall development has been changing over the years. It was first introduced as a strategy to solve traffic problems and has now become an important tactic in urban planning, design and renewal. In Taiwan, the development of pedestrian mall since 1980s has unfolded along two different tracks: one driven by government policies aimed at revitalizing a declined city center; and the other initiated by private groups in the hope of raising real estate prices. Although the impetus for these two paths of development originated from different sectors, they have much in common. This paper aims to trace the development of pedestrian mall in both Germany and Taiwan, and to explore the strategies for achieving success and sustainability in pedestrian mall development.