案例式設計：一種類比推理之設計方法的探討

Case based Design: A Design Method based on Analogical Reasoning

本研究以類比推理為基礎探討案例式設計在建築應用之設計行為。主要研究內容包括設計案例之特性與設計實驗二部份以瞭解其可行性與適用性。設計方法之本質即是以提昇設計解決問題之能力。由設計者使用案例的現象得知，案例式設計操作方法，包括案例分析、案例選擇、案例擷取、案例調適等主要步驟。本研究著重於案例選擇與案例調適。研究結論為（1）由文獻回顧及設計者使用案例現象與案例分析的使用，瞭解設計者使用案例的方式，並提出案例的構成模型包括架構與元素；（2）案例選擇與案例的涵構及設計者意圖有關，合適的案例具有啟發與發軔之作用；（3）案例的調適主要包括尺寸與型態之調整，且案例有其侷限性；（4）案例的使用程度與設計者的設計能力及熟悉度有關；（5）案例式設計為一結合設計經驗與程序操作之設計方法，也較符合一般設計者之需要（6）後續研究應可包括建立案例式操作體系，建立案例資料庫，建立案例之評估方法，與配合電腦輔助工具之使用。

This paper presents an empirical study of design behaviors in case-based design based on analogical reasoning. This research is aimed to study the feasibility of using cases as a design method, and identifies the process and issues in case-based design from literature search, analysis of design phenomena, and design experiments. This study focuses on the case retrieval and adaptation. In conclusion, this research indicates: （1） a case consists of a frame and elen1ents, designers can use both alternatively; （2） case selection is related to the context of cases and designers' intention, and suitable cases can inspire or explore new design concepts; （3） the case adaptation includes the dimensional or topological changes, and the case adaptation has its limitation; （4） the effectiveness of using design cases are related to designer's ability and familiarity with the cases; and （5） case-based design which integrates design experience with procedural operations can support designers' needs. Future researches should include the establishment of case' based reasoning system, establishment of case library, case evaluation, and the uses of computer-aided tools.