減緩外籍勞工逃逸措施、留任承諾與內控性向關係的研究－－以台灣楠梓加工區菲律賓籍外勞為例

A Study on the Relationship of Practices for Preventing Foreign Labors Run Away, Locaus of Control and Continuance Commitment-Evidence from Philippine Labors in Taiwan Kaohsiung's NEPZ

隨著國家經濟發展的需要，已開發的國家為了減少人工成本的壓力，大多會從經濟較落後的國家引進較廉價的勞工。然而，伴隨大量外勞的引進，許多政策、管理方式、文化、甚至工作習慣、生活方式…等等因素，造成了外勞逃逸。由於外勞的逃逸帶來嚴重的社會問題，因此如何減緩外勞逃逸是個重要的議題。本研究以台灣高雄市的楠梓加工出口區內電子業廠商所聘用之268位菲律賓籍外勞作為樣本，採用量化研究方法，來驗證減緩外勞逃逸措施是否能提升外勞的留任承諾，並且以外勞的內外控性向當調節變項來預測減緩外勞逃逸措施的效果。結果發現：減緩外勞逃逸措施會提高外勞的留任承諾，其中以企業外部的措施具有顯著的效果。但是外勞之內控性向對減緩外勞逃逸措施與外勞留任承諾之關係的干擾效果並不顯著。這些發現對企業、政府與學術研究在外勞逃逸問題改善上具有重要的意涵。

With the national economic development, the developed countries mostly introduced foreign labors from the less developed countries in order to reduce the cost of labors. However, with the introduction of a large number of foreign labors, the differences in policies, management, culture, work habits, and lifestyles have resulted in the escape of foreign labors. As the escape of foreign labors has caused serious social problems, how to eliminate the escape of foreign labors has become an important issue. This study was conducted in Taiwan Kaohsiung's Nanzih Export Processing Zone and sampled 268 Philippine labors as respondents. It utilised quantitative method to investigate if the practices for preventing foreign labors run away can enhance the continuance commitment. This research also employed respondents' locus of control as a moderator to predict the effects of the practices for preventing foreign labors run away. The findings of this study are positive that the practices for preventing foreign labors run away can enhance the continuance commitment. Particularly, the practices which are outside the environment of the enterprise have significant impacts. However, there was no significant moderating effect of the respondents' locus of control on the practices for preventing foreign labors run away and the continuance commitance. The study's findings have critical implications for the enterprises, the government, and academic research in improving the problems of foreign labors' run away.