職業成熟概念的實證分析

An Empirical Analysis on Structural Factors of Vocational Maturity

由於職業的種類與內涵日益擴充，個人對職業的規劃與執行能力，顯得格外重要。在職業行為研究的領域，往往以職業成熟度作為個人是否具備職業規劃與執行能力的指標。不過，職業成熟的理論結構與測量工具都未盡完善。有鑑於此，本研究運用實證的方法，探討職業成熟概念蘊涵的結構因素，期望有助於職業成熟理論與測量工具的修正。本研究發展一份包含76項職業行為與態度描述的量表，對國中、高中（職）、專科、及大學的學生進行抽樣測量，藉以獲取實證資料。根據資料分析的結果，本研究確認職業成熟概念具有資訊應用、職業認知、自我認知、個人調適、職業態度、價值觀念、職業選擇、及條件評估等八個初級結構因素，以及情境知覺、心理意向、決策能力等三個高階結構因素。

Because the expansion of vocational categories and their content,abilities for vocational planning and performance are more necessary thanever. To identify the abilities vocational maturity is an indicator commonlyused in research on vocational behaviors. Unfortunately, the theoreticalframework and measures of vocational maturity are defective. This study wastherefore to explore, through an empirical process, structural factors ofvocational maturity for reinforcing its theoretical frame-work. A measure with 76 descriptions of vocational behaviors and attitudes was developed and usedin testing subject students selected from junior high schools, senior highschools, junior colleges, and universities in order to collect empirical data. Based on the data analyzed, eight structural factors of vocational maturitywere recognized as information application, vocational recognition, selfrecognition, personal adjustment, vocational attitudes, vocational values,vocational choice, and vocational evaluation. Three high order structuralfactors named environmental perception, personal intention, and decision - making ability were also identified in a further analysis.