學生次文化－－研究、理論與方法論之檢討

Student Subcultures: A Critical Review of Researches, Theories, and Methodologies

本文旨在回顧並批判學生次文化之研究、理論與方法論。本文首先檢討文化及其相關概念作為評析學生次文化研究之基礎。其次，分別陳述並批評五類學生次文化研究：(1)文化元素的研究；(2)文化歸類的研究；(3)適應理論的研究；(4)階級抗拒理論的研究；(5)文化生態理論的研究。第三，則檢討兩種主要研究方法的問題：調查法與民族誌。最後提出暫時性的結論及在教育與社會革新之啟示。

This paper critically reviewed student subculture researches, theories and methodologies. The author first discussed the culture concept and its related concepts. Past student subculture researches were classified Into five categories: (1) cultural elements research; (2) culture classification research; (3) adaptation theory research; (4) class resistance theory research; (5) cultural ecology theoiy research. Each type of researches was examined and criticized respectively. The author also demonstrated the methodological problems of these researches. A few temporary conclusions and implications were suggested.