不同運動對運動員與非運動員血乳酸及血清免疫球蛋白之影響

The effect of endurance and strength exercise on blood lactate and serum immunoglobulin concentration in athletes and non-athletes

目的：探討不同運動（耐力性及肌力性），對運動員與非運動員血乳酸及血清免疫球蛋白的影響。方法：本研究受試者共18名，其中9名為運動員平均年齡18.89±0.60歲、身高165.22±4.35公分、體重51.67±4.12公斤及最大攝氧量54.07±2.20ml·kg-1·min-1；另9名為非運動員平均年齡19.11±0.33歲、身高158.33±3.81公分、體重51.33±6.32公斤及最大攝氧量36.54±3.65ml·kg-1·min-1。分別於兩種不同形式，高強度的耐力性（跑步機上跑至衰竭）及肌力性（等速肌力測定儀膝關節屈伸至疲勞）運動前後，抽取血液檢驗。測驗所得資料，經二因子變異數分析及皮爾遜積差相關係數進行各項考驗。結果：運動員組在最大攝氧量及最大力矩值，皆明顯高於非運動員組（p<.05）。兩組受試者不同形式運動後，血乳酸濃度皆明顯升高（p<.05）。運動員組在耐力性運動後，血清IgG、IgA、IgM濃度達顯著的升高（p<.05），而非運動員組則無顯著差異；兩組於肌力性運動後皆無顯著差異。不同形式運動前後，血乳酸與血清IgG、IgA、IgM的濃度變化並無顯著相關。結論：運動員在高強度耐力性運動後，血清免疫球蛋白濃度會提升，是否與長期規律的運動訓練有關，仍需作進一步的探討。不同運動前後，血乳酸與血清IgG、IgA、IgM濃度的變化可能並無相關性。

Purpose: To compare the effects of intense endurance and strength exercises on the blood lactate and serum immunoglobulin concentration between athletes and non-athletes. Methods: There were 9 athletes with average age 18.89±0.60 yrs, height 165.22±4.35 cm, weight 51.67±4.12 kg, and V.O2max 54.07±2.20 ml•kg-1•min-1. The other 9 non-athletes with average age 19.11±0.33 yrs, height 158.33±3.81 cm, weight 51.33±6.32 kg, and V.O2max 36.54±3.65 ml•kg-1•min-1. Subjects were asked to perform both intense endurance and strength exercises (running on a treadmill until exhausted and knee extension and flexion on a Kin-Com until fatigue, respectively). Blood samples were collected both before and after exercises. The data was analyzed by the two-factorial ANOVA and pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Results: The V.O2max and peak torque of athletes were significantly higher than non-athletes (p< .05). The blood lactate of both groups was significantly increased after different exercises (p< .05). The serum immunoglobulin was significantly increased in athletes after the intense endurance exercise (p< .05), but was no significant difference in non-athletes. There was no significant difference before and after strength exercise for both groups. There was no significant correlation in the variety of blood lactate and serum immunoglobulin before and after different exercises for both groups. Conclusions: The concentration of immunoglobulin of serum would be enhanced after the athlete did the intense endurance exercise. It needs further study to know whether it is related to the fact of long-term regular exercise training. There was no significant relationship between blood lactate and serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) before and after exercise.