有氧運動與概念宣導對婦女健康體適能及運動行為影響之研究

The Effects of Aerobics Exercise and Concept Intervention on Health Related Physical Fitness and Exercise Behaviors of Female Adults

本研究目的在探討八週的有氧運動與概念宣導對中年婦女健康體適能與運動行為之影響。以25名平均年齡35.1±7.7歲之婦女為研究對象，分別於有氧運動與概念宣導前、介入後與結束後一個月共3次，檢測健康體適能（BMI、腰臀圍比、三分鐘登階、坐姿體前彎、30秒及一分仰臥起坐）及運動行為問卷之填答。將所得資料以描述統計、卡方考驗、t-test及相依樣本單因子變異數、LSD事後比較等分析，顯著水準為α＝.05。研究結果得知：一、本研究受試者從事規律運動者的比例，分別於介入前40%、介入後100%及結束後一個月48%。二、健康體適能於不同時段間之差異比較，在心肺、腹肌力、腹肌耐力及柔軟度等適能，皆達顯著進步（p＜.05），BMI與腰臀圍比，皆未達顯著差異（p＞.05）。三、自覺運動利益與自覺運動障礙平均分數，分別於介入前（5.6與3.2）、介入後（5.5與3.2）及結束後一個月（5.5與3.1），兩變項於不同時段間皆未達顯著差異。四、運動自我效能平均分數，分別於介入前3.4、介入後3.7與結束後一個月的3.9。不同時段間之差異比較，僅於介入前與結束後一個月間達顯著差異（p＜.05）。本研究結論為八週的有氧運動與概念宣導，可提昇運動行為並改善心肺、腹肌力、腹肌耐力及柔軟度等適能。對於中年婦女，欲改善身體組成，應規劃個人適宜的健身計劃及介入方式，才能產生顯著成效。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise and concept intervention on health related physical fitness and exercise behaviors. Twenty five female adults with mean age of 35.09 ± 7.72 yrs were recruited in an 8-week fitness program. Health related physical fitness (body mass index, waist hip ratio, 3-min step test, sit and reach, 30 second and one minute sit up) and exercise behavior questionnaires were evaluated prior to, immediately post and one month post exercise. Chi squire, t test, one way ANOVA with repeated measures and LSD post hoc comparison were applied for statistical analysis. The significance level was set at α= .05. The results were: 1) Prior to, immediately at the end and one month post intervention, the percentage of the subjects with regular exercise habit, were 40%, 100% and 48% respectively. 2) Even though cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength and endurance and flexibility were significantly improved, no significant effect was found in body mass index and waist hip ratio. 3) No significant difference was found among mean perceived exercise barrier score and mean perceived exercise benefit score prior to (5.6 and 3.2), at the conclusion (5.5 and 3.2) and one month post intervention (5.5 and 3.1). 4) Exercise self-efficacy one month post intervention (3.9) was significantly higher than that of the end of intervention (3.7). In conclusion, eight weeks of aerobics and concept intervention improve cardiovascular fitness, muscular fitness, and flexibility of mid-aged female adults. However, in order to further improve their body composition, the necessity of additional measures during intervention is indicated.