離心性運動對身體葡萄糖吸收之影響

Effect of Short Term Eccentric Exercise on Glucose Tolerance

人體對醣類的吸收及利用能力，關係著個人的健康與運動耐力表現，已知向心性運動訓練可增加肌肉胰島素敏感度及促進醣類的代謝，過去不同型態離心性肌肉收縮的運動，對於全身葡萄糖的吸收影響的研究較缺乏。因此本研究目的在探討短期離心性運動對於運動員葡萄糖吸收能力之影響，並分析肌酸激酶值評估肌肉損傷程度與葡萄糖吸收能力的關連。21名全年訓練之高中棒球選手平均年齡16.3±0.11歲、身高171±0.01公分及體重66.3±2.23公斤，經10天停止運動後分別接受3天離心訓練及7天平時訓練後，比較肌酸激酶與葡萄糖耐受度測驗的差異。研究顯示離心運動訓練後肌酸激酶與葡萄糖耐受度測驗之葡萄糖曲線下面積值皆明顯高於基礎值及平時訓練值（425.6±26.2 vs. 252±34.2 & 346.3±2.24U／L; 2904.0±730.2 vs. 2389±415.7 & 2020.2±572.4mg-min／dL,p<.05）。結果顯示離心訓練使葡萄糖耐受度明顯變差。棒球選手離心訓練造成肌酸激酶值上升，推測可能造成部分運動肌肉損傷，同時也影響身體對葡萄糖吸收能力。

Insulin sensitivity is important for both health-related metabolic function and endurance performance in human. Early study demonstrated that concentric exercise could significantly improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. The effect of eccentric type of athletic training on whole-body glucose tolerance was not intensively studied in the past. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of eccentric athletic training on glucose tolerance and blood creatine kinase level. Twenty-one high school baseball player age 16.3±0.11 with 10-day detraining (referred as basal level) participated this study. Thereafter, 3-day eccentric athletic training (ET) was performed for comparison to basal (B) and regular training routine (RT) in glucose tolerance and blood creatine kinase level. The current result discovered that eccentric athletic training significantly impaired glucose tolerance. (2904.0±730.2-ET vs. 2389±415.7-B & 2020.2±572.4-RT mg-min/dL). And this impairment is concurrent with the significant elevation in blood creatine kinase level. (425.6±26.2-ET vs. 252±34.2-B & 346.3±2.24-RT U/L) In conclusion, the eccentric athletic training-induced attenuation in glucose tolerance is associated with muscle damage caused by this training protocol.