誰是超額教師？超額教師產生原則之學校行政倫理議題

Who is the Surplus Teacher? A Study on the Theory of School Administration Ethics and Its Practice

本研究旨在應用學校行政倫理多面向思維，從超額教師觀點探討超額教師產生原則可能衍生之行政倫理議題。結果指出：在效益倫理面向，「後進先出」原則雖符合多數教師最大效益，卻未考量學生最大學習利益、教師專業發展及學校整體發展；在正義倫理面向，超額教師未參與超額辦法制定有違反程序正義之疑慮，若未於教評會中提出異議，可能致使自身權益受損，當「積分」一樣時的「抽籤」決定，形成一種立足點不平等的形式正義；在關懷倫理面向，因「後進先出」原則資深教師不關心超額問題，資淺教師為學校貢獻卻優先超額，有被視為工具利用殆盡之感，而公開「抽籤」未顧及超額教師心理感受缺乏人文關懷；在批判倫理面向，行政人員、教師與教師團體普遍缺乏知覺超額教師產生原則可能存在不公之批判意識。最後，依據本研究結論就不同倫理面向提出相關建議。

This study aims to apply for administrative ethics more thinking, explore the ethical issues of administrative principles derived from the excess surplus teachers view. The study pointed out that more should be considered surplus teachers for administrative ethics issues: 1. Principle inequalities generated from ethics of critique perceptible surplus teachers. 2. Ethics of care for the idea from surplus teachers care needs. 3. To develop a more equitable way of surplus teachers from ethics of virtue. 4. Benefit from the ethics of utility for students to learn and develop the maximum benefit of the school. Based on the results of this study, some recommendations are suggested for educational administrators and teachers.