應用志願性地理資訊於社區物種調查之研究

Application of Volunteered Geographic Information in Community-Based Species Investigation

台灣擁有豐富而多樣的自然生態資源，而物種調查將有助於維護物種之多樣性與生態平衡。然而，台灣生物多樣性高且分布廣闊，調查工作往往需耗費龐大的人力、物力、經費與時間成本。故本研究採用志願性地理資訊（volunteered geographic information, VGI）的方式，鼓勵社區民眾參與社區之物種調查工作。藉由社區民眾對社區當地的瞭解與使命感，有效且快速地蒐集物種調查資料。望社區民眾可經由親身參與物種調查之工作，更加瞭解及關注社區生態環境之現況，體認生態保育及生物多樣性的重要性，提升環境保育意識。而近年來隨著行動科技的快速發展，智慧型手機與平板電腦等行動裝置日益普及。為使物種調查之工作更加快速且便利，本研究利用多數智慧型行動裝置所擁有的即時定位、無線網路及照相等功能，建置社區物種調查系統App。該App可作為物種調查之工具，並提供適時適地之物種資訊查詢服務。此外，本研究亦透過物種空間資料庫與網際網路地理資訊系統（WebGIS）平台之建置，提供社區物種資料分享、管理與分析等服務。

Taiwan is abundant in ecological resources, and species investigation will contribute to preserve species diversity and ecological balance. However, due to high biodiversity and wide distribution of species in Taiwan, the traditional investigation works cost a lot of money, time, human and material resources. Therefore, this study uses the concept of volunteered geographic information (VGI) to encourage the public to collect field data and to participate in species investigation for local communities. With local knowledge and enthusiasm about the community, residents are capable of collecting species data more effectively and efficiently. On the other hand, through volunteered participation in species investigation, residents will have better understanding about the current status of ecological environment in the community. Thereby the residents can realize the importance of ecological conservation and biodiversity, and promote their awareness of environmental conservation. With the rapid development of mobile technology in recent years, mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers are gaining popularity. In order to make the investigation of species for communities more quickly and conveniently, this study makes use of the functions of most smart mobile devices such as real-time positioning, wireless networking, and digital camera to build a mobile App system for community-based species investigation. The mobile App system can serve as a tool for species investigation, and it also provides with location-based inquiry services timely and efficiently. In addition, Geographic Information System (GIS) is applied to manage the geodatabase, and a WebGIS platform is built to facilitate data sharing and analysis.