生活壓迫事件、社會支持、社會心理特質與台灣都會區國中生偏差行為之關係

Relationships among coercion, social support, social-psychological characteristics and delinquency of junior high school students in Taiwan metropolitan

青少年偏差及犯罪行為已成為比較嚴重的社會問題之一，一個完整性及全面性的解釋架構在提供擬定防治學生偏差行為策略上，扮演著重要的角色。若要建立一個有秩序的生活環境，必需要依賴適當的偏差行為理論作為指引。有鑒於此，本研究主要目的在探討生活壓迫事件、社會支持、社會心理特質與台灣都會區國中生偏差行為之關係，以便提供一個較完整的解釋觀點去討論台灣國中學生偏差行為的成因。本研究以自陳問卷作為蒐集資料的工具，抽樣對象為台灣都會地區國中生，主要採用分層叢集隨機抽樣方式，有效分析樣本共1,533名學生，並採用巢式迴歸模型分析數據。研究結果發現：（1）在未納入其他自變項之效應下，生活壓迫性因素在解釋青少年偏差行為發生時，扮演著推力角色，而情感性社會支持因素則扮演著拉力角色。（2）個人社會心理特質影響著社會支持及生活壓迫因素與偏差行為間的關係。（3）父母親的價值觀念及接觸偏差同儕，除了影響青少年偏差行為的發生外，還左右物質性社會支持與偏差行為間的關聯性。

In Taiwan, adolescent delinquency has been recognized as a serious social problem. A more complete and entire delinquent theory has played a very important role in controlling the development of adolescent deviance. When people have tried to build up a deviant-free environment, they must first have depended on a good and appropriate explanation. As a result, the purpose of this study was to understand relationships among coercion, social support, social-psychological characteristics and delinquency in order to contribute a more complete picture to explain the development of delinquency in Taiwan. Sample, including 1, 533 junior high school students, was selected from metropolitan areas by a random stratified-cluster method. The nested multiple regression was used to analyze the collected data. The findings of this study showed that: (1) without including the effect of other independent variables, social support of expression has played a “pull” role and coercion and social support of instrument have played a “push” in the explanation of delinquency; (2) social-psychological characteristics have had effects on the relationship between social support and coercion and delinquency; (3) parental values and association with deviant peers have not only directly influenced on delinquent behavior, but also affected the relationship between social supports of instrument and delinquency.