以社會認知生涯理論探究男女航海科系學生專業承諾之差異

The Difference in Professional Commitment between Male and Female Performance Evaluation Purpose on Organization of Navigation Major Students: The Application of Social Cognitive Career Theory

自 1998年起國內女性開始加入商船船員的職場，緩解航運界所遭遇之本國籍甲級船員短缺的困境。本研究以社會認知生涯理論為基礎，探究男女航海科系學生之專業承諾及其影響因素的差異。經由 259位男性學生與127位的女性學生問卷調查，研究發現女性航海科系學生之專業承諾並不低於男性同儕，而女性學生之船員職業興趣與自我效能，直接影響其航海專業承諾；研究結果亦發現男性學生之航海專業承諾除了受其船員職業興趣的直接影響外，其所認知之社會支持亦扮演著直接影響角色。本文依據研究結果提出促進航海科系學生專業承諾之相關建議。

Women have been employed as merchant ship seafarers in Taiwan since 1998. Female seafaring human resources alleviate the predicament caused by the shortage of Taiwanese ship-officers in the maritime industry. This study investigates, based on the social cognitive career theory, the professional commitment and perceived differences of influential factors between male and female students in the department of navigation by using the survey data from 259 male students and 127 female students. The results show that the perception levels of the professional commitment for female students are similar to those for male students. Career interest in seafaring and self-efficacy are shown to have a positive influence on the professional commitment to seafaring for female students. It is also found that students' perceptions of career interest in seafaring and perceived social support are positively associated with the professional commitment to seafaring for male students. Some relevant suggestions are drawn from the results to enhance the professional commitment of navigation major students.