論時傭船契約中船東的純損風險探究

Analyzing Pure Risk of the Shipowner in Time Charter Party

本文研究目的在探討船東論時傭船契約下的純損風險，透過文獻回顧與業者訪談方式，辨識出四大風險評估構面及十六項風險評估準則，利用模糊層級分析法進行風險衡量後，研究結果發現在論時傭船契約下，業者及學者專家認為船東可能會產生最嚴重損失的風險事件為「船舶船速與耗油量無法達到約定之要求而遭扣租金及補償額外耗油成本」，其他依序為「船況不符合港口管制機構要求而遭留置」、「未通過驗艙之責任歸屬糾紛」、「船舶經紀人專業能力不足」。最後，本文根據研究結果提出相對應的風險管理策略，期望能提供給船東參考，以利船東在進行論時傭船營運時，可降低或避免風險，增加營運利潤。

The objective of this research is to investigate the pure risk of the ship-owner in time charger party. Four risk factors and sixteen risk criteria were identified based on prior studies and interview with shipping experts. A Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) approach was employed to measure the risks. Resulted indicated that the top four key risks of the ship-owner in the contract of the time charter party are “ship's speed and the oil consumption are unable to meet requirements of the agreement to suffer buckle the rent and compensate extra fuel consumption cost,” followed by “ship situation does not meet the harbor regulatory agency requirement to suffer leaving alone”, “the dispute for whose responsibility when the ship's hold is not enough clean”, and “ship broker specialized ability is insufficient.” Implications of the risk management strategies from the research findings were suggested for ship-owners.