引水人環境變異認知與教育訓練需求之調查研究

An Investigation Study on the Pilot's Perceptions of Changing External Environment and Training Needs

台灣位於歐亞海運之樞紐，海運之發展是國家生存的主要經濟命脈之一，如何提高各港口的競爭力，是台灣經貿發展的重要關鍵。引水業務的執行，不僅維護航行安全確保公共利益更直接促進台灣海運的發展。為提升引水業務服務品質及競爭力，本研究試圖以人力資源管理觀點，考量其環境變異認知及透過引水人教育訓練之需求評估，進而提高其服務品質，增加市場競爭力。以因應未來引水市場人力供需結構之整體改善，俾有助於引水業務之經營，進而提昇各港區之競爭。本研究以台灣地區引水人為實證分析的母體，進行問卷調查。研究主要發現不同服務港口的引水人對組織未來發展認知有顯著差異、對專業知識及工作技能與人際關係及服務態度之教育訓練需求上也有顯著差異；引水人員對未來發展認知與專業知識與工作技能之教育訓練需求呈現負相關；引水人對未來發展認知對人際關係與服務態度有顯著負向影響。

Taiwan lies in the pivot of Euro-Asia maritime transport. The development of maritime transport is one of the vital economics lifelines to this island. Hence, the improvement of competitiveness of port operations for each port domains as a key factor. Pilotage operations not only safeguard the navigation safety but also guarantee that public interests and foster the operations of maritime transport in Taiwan. From the viewpoint of human resources management this study is set to investigate the cognitive and perceptional changes of the occupational external environment and evaluate the needs for on-job training to improve its service quality and increase the market competitiveness. This study is also examined the supply and demand structure of pilots under the existed scheme. Through a full scale questionnaire survey, three main findings are reached. First, pilots under different port authorities showing a significant difference in its organizational development, professional knowledge, technical ability and the education and training demands of interpersonal relationships and behaviours. Secondly, the demand on the training of personal development and professional ability are irrelevant. Finally, pilots showed a negative influence between interpersonal relationships and attitude of service on their cognitive and perceptional attitude toward their career.