從投資策略之角度分析港埠發展之趨勢——以臺灣、美國為例

Examining the Development of Port Policy from the Viewpoint of Investment Strategies - The Comparison between Taiwan and U.S.

在港埠自由化與民營化已成為國際趨勢的今天，港埠建設資金來源有朝向多角化發展之趨勢，因此貨櫃港在發展與營運的策略上面臨更多的考量。以台灣與美國為例，在現行港埠政策下，港埠相關建設以引進民間資金為發展趨勢。但是由於航運市場環境變遷，為吸引大型船舶灣靠，因此港埠設施與港灣之興建，多以民間投資與政府補助兩者並行作為籌措港埠建設資金之方式。在港埠營運與管理環境已高度國際化的情況下，政府如何發展新的港埠政策方能有效提昇港埠競爭力？本研究以台灣與美國近年來之發展為例，檢視港埠政策制訂與發展之變化，並以民間投資程度與港埠費率制定政策之過程作為分析之依據。

Containerization has strengthened the competition between containerports worldwide. To attract major shipping lines call at the port, many strategies have been adopted by port authorities. For example, port expansion for 10000 TEUs containership. This paper studied the development of port strategies between US and Taiwan, to examine what strategies have been adopted. Two viewpoints have been taken, the first is the funding of port construction, and the second is the charge of port services. There are major differences between Taiwan and US. The question is which one could gain more competitiveness in this fast changing shipping environment?