延遲到港定期船靠泊專用碼頭時間窗重置之研究

Reassignment of Berthing Time Windows for Delay Liner Ships in Dedicated Terminal

船期準確性向來為定期貨櫃航商所重視，當船舶無法按照原預定靠泊時間窗進出港口，航商必須利用不同方式調整船期，盡快恢復準點靠泊。本研究以定期航商單一席位之專用貨櫃碼頭為研究對象，建構總延滯時間極小化之混合整數規劃模式，探討船舶無法按既定時間窗靠泊時，如何重置靠泊時間窗，以符合航商船期控管要求，使受影響船舶之整體延誤的影響最小。實證案例分別就「單船延遲」及「兩艘船舶同時延遲」進行測試。結果顯示，隨著單船延遲時間的增加，總延滯時間也隨之上升，遠洋航線確實有優先指泊的必要，此符合航商實務作業原則。若在兩船同時延遲時，亦可觀察出遠、近洋航線同時延遲所產生的影響。本研究所設計之規劃模式，除可提供定期貨櫃航商整體延遲時間之估算外，亦可作為航商在規劃船舶延遲因應措施上之參考。

The punctuality of ship sailing schedule is always paid more attention by the liner hipping company. When ship could not arrive to or depart from a certain port as the timetable, the carrier has to execute some countermeasures to adjust ship schedule in order to absorb the existed delay as soon as possible. This study focuses on the dedicated container terminal with a single berth location for a carrier to formulate a mixed integer programming model for exploring how to reallocate the berthing time windows in delay situation. This model minimizes the total delay of impacted ships under the requirements of schedule control policies of the liner company. We analyze the situations of delay happen on one or two ships. The results show that the objective values increase with delay hours of the single ship. Meanwhile, the ocean going routes are indeed assigned to berth with higher priority as same as the concept of the practice. In the analysis of simultaneous delay for two ships, we can realize the impact between the ocean going and the short sea routes. This model cannot only provide the shipping company to estimate total delay at terminal but also assist her to plan the countermeasures for delay ships.