自由貿易港區物流業者之貨損責任

Cargo Liabilities of Logistics Providers in Free Trade Port Areas

「自由貿易港區設置管理條例」於民國九十二年七月二十三公布施行，將使港區物流業者能因應貿易及製造業者之需求，將原料或產品運送至自由貿易港區內從事倉儲、物流、貨櫃（物）之集散、轉口、轉運、承攬運送、報關服務、組裝、重整、包裝、修配、加工、製造、展覽或技術服務等業服務，此等服務涉及不同作業階段、不同作業方式之權利義務關係，例如：運送、通關、倉儲、流通加工、資訊及其他物流服務等。一旦發貨損，則有賴一完善之物流責任制度以釐清港區物流業者之責任。本文以港區物流業者為主體，分析其整合各項物流機能時所採之貨損責任制度，期能提供安排國際物流作業及處理貨損理賠之參考。

The ROC government has promulgated “The Establishment and Administration on Free Trade Port Areas Law” on July 23, 2003. Such a Law will enable logistics providers located in free trade areas to run those businesses concerning warehousing, logistics, container freight station, transhipment, freight forwarding, customs agency, cargo consolidation, etc. However, such businesses involve complicated liabilities arising from different operation methods in different stages, such as forwarding, customs agency, trading and transportation, information flows, etc. A sound liability system will help logistics providers to ascertain their liabilities. This article discusses those liabilities systems stipulated by port logistics contracts in order to provide useful reference to port logistics providers and cargo owners while dealing with cargo claims arising from port logistics operations.