新語言和胡適的「得寸進寸」社會演進思路

New Language and Hu Shi's 'Inch-by-Inch' Thought of Social Progress

晚清以來，從梁啟超到胡適最終獲得突破的新語言，至少包含了這些層面，白話文代替文言文，民間語言替代廟堂語言、公民語言代替權力語言、常識語言代替革命語言、開放性語言代替封閉性語言。梳理胡適自少年時代辦《競業旬報》到提倡《大公報》和政府公文使用白話文的線索，新語言可以說是胡適倡導的「得寸進寸」道路的第一個支撐點，他從倡導語言方式的變化入手，試圖通過新語言帶來新思維、新價值。以新語言的視角重新理解胡適的社會變革思想，以及和他的「得寸進寸」推動社會演進的思路之間的關係。

A breakthrough was finally made in the new language from Liang Qi-chao (Liang Ch'i-ch'ao) to Hu Shi (Flu Shih) ever since the late Qing dynasty. It at least included the following aspects: plain language in place of archaic language, mass Language in place of court language, civic language in place of power language, Language of common sense in place of language of revolution, and opened language in place of unopened language. Going over the clues that Flu Shi first published the Jingyexunbao (Ching-yeh hsün-pao, 競業旬報)in his youth and then the Dagongbao (Ta-kung pao, 大公報) promoting the use of plain language for governmental documents, we may consider the new Language the first support on his ”inch-by-inch” way. Beginning with the change of language style, Flu endeavored to introduce new thinking and new values through new language. From the perspective of the new Language, this paper attempts to re-understand Hu's thought of social reforms and its relations with his ”inch-by-inch” drive for social progress.