創傷知情照顧於隨母庇護之兒少服務初探：從庇護所工作人員觀點出發

Trauma-Informed Care of witnessing violence children sheltered with their mother: From a shelter worker’s perspective

隨母庇護兒少面臨特別脆弱的處境，不僅是目睹暴力的壓力與創傷，並伴隨了環境變動的風險。近來創傷知情照顧漸受矚目，但是國內尚少文獻探討創傷知情照顧運用於隨母庇護兒少。本文採質性研究方式，訪談庇護所7名工作人員，試圖瞭解創傷知情照顧帶來的提醒與回饋。本研究發現從「創傷知情」到「創傷知情照顧」的實踐策略，先從工作者自身覺察出發，深入理解兒少的創傷反應，協助兒少及母親適切地回應創傷，進而讓兒少學習自我調節。創傷知情的執行以身體、心理、情感的「安全」為基礎，透過個案服務及組織層面營造創傷知情的整體情境，個案服務層面包含：建立安全與信任的關係、重建兒少的控制權、擴展兒少的優勢與技能；組織層面包含：營造安全的庇護情境、提供兒少發聲的機會、鼓勵團體成員間互惠、凝聚工作團隊合作意識。此外，創傷知情照顧所面臨的挑戰包含兒少持續面臨多重的壓力與創傷、重思受創母職的困境以及創傷知情的內外環境待建構。最後，本研究提出二項重要服務內涵，發展兒少服務而非侷限於目睹暴力層面，以及兒少與母親權益不可單獨視之，據以指出實務與政策相關建議。

Children and adolescents who accompany their mother into shelters after witnessing violence face an exceptionally vulnerable situation. They not only grapple with the pressures and trauma of witnessing violence,but also contend with the risks associated with environmental changes. While trauma-informed care has garnered recent attention, but there is rarely literature about exploring its application to children and adolescents accompanying their mothers into shelters in Taiwan.This study interviewed seven shelter staff members to comprehend the insights and feedback generated by trauma-informed care. The findings reveal that practical strategies for trauma-informed care should commence with practitioners’ self-awareness. Understanding children’s trauma responses are pivotal for effectively assisting for their trauma experience. The implementation of trauma-informed care hinges on ensuring ’’safety’’ in physical, psychological, and emotional dimensions. This is achieved through individual case services and organizational-level efforts to establish an overarching context for trauma-informed care. Challenges in trauma-informed care include children and adolescents persisting in facing multiple stresses and traumas, reassessing the parenting challenges of traumatized mothers, and creating trauma-informed environments. Ultimately, this study proposes two significant service implications: the expansion of services for children and adolescents beyond merely witnessing violence, and recognizing that the rights of children and mothers are inseparable. Consequently, the study offers practical and policy-related suggestions.