網際網路服務提供者侵權責任界線劃定之問題－－以網路平臺之言論管理為中心

The Issue of the Tort Liability of Internet Service Providers —— Focusing on the Speech Management of Online Platform

近年來數位平臺影響力日增，社群平臺、網路購物早已成為人民日常生活之一部份，於帶來方便的同時也衍生不少爭議，如各式網路犯罪、詐騙、利用匿名帳號謾罵他人、散布假訊息等，然而，我國現行法制並未針對此類議題建構具體之規範架構，多仰賴既有法律制度予以因應，惟此種方式是否足以回應快速變動的數位環境，仍有疑義。觀諸國際發展，已有多國針對該議題進行立法規範，我國通訊傳播委員會亦相繼推出《數位通訊傳播法》、《數位中介服務法》二草案，試圖填補制度上之空缺，惟二草案之內容均引發不少爭議，許多專家學者認為草案恐過度侵害言論自由，至今仍未通過。
有鑑於此，本文將以我國相關草案及實務見解為出發點，檢視現行制度下在面對網路內容管理、平臺責任與言論自由保障等議題上所產生之衝突與困境，並聚焦於探討當平臺對違法內容或活動未採取適當處置時，是否構成不作為侵權，以及如何認定平臺業者作為義務之有無、作為義務內涵等問題。再進一步借鏡美國相關立法與其所累積之大量實務案例，汲取其優良之處，針對其不足之處進行反思與調整，最終針對我國未來立法方向提出具體建議，期望能在維護權利人權利、言論自由，以及不課以平臺過重之責任間，建構出妥適且正當之數位法治框架。

In recent years, digital platforms have gained increasing influence, with social media and e-commerce becoming integral parts of people’s daily lives. While these platforms offer convenience, they have also given rise to various disputes, such as cybercrimes, online fraud, anonymous defamation, and the dissemination of disinformation. However, Taiwan’s current legal framework lacks specific regulations to address these issues and primarily relies on existing laws for resolution. Many countries have introduced laws regulating intermediary services. In Taiwan, two draft bills were proposed to address these issues, but both remain controversial and have yet to pass.
Accordingly, this paper examines Taiwan’s draft bills and judicial practices to analyze the conflicts and challenges in regulating online content, platform liability, and freedom of speech. It focuses particularly on whether platforms should be held liable when they fail to take appropriate action against illegal content or activities. This paper then analyzes U.S. legislation and its extensive case law, drawing on its strengths and reflecting on its shortcomings. Based on these insights, this paper offers concrete legislative recommendations aimed at building appropriate and legitimate digital legal framework that protects both rights holders and freedom of speech without overburdening platforms.