以榮格取向觀點探討監獄女性毒品施用者如何經驗創造性藝術治療團體之心理歷程

A Jungian Perspective on the Psychological Process of Female Drug Users in Prison Experiencing Creative Art Therapy Groups

部分毒品成癮者由於早期歷經心理創傷，缺乏處理焦慮的能力，無法遵循現實原則以適應社會期待，遁逃至毒品的世界中，來消除內在的不適感。當個體無法面對人生的挫折，心靈發展停滯，個體化歷程（individualization）受到阻礙，易停留在榮格學派中「永恆少年/少女」（puer aeternus/puella aeterna）階段。監獄毒品成癮者往往容易將內心的混亂投射到環境中，難以擔負起受刑人的角色，退行至渴望被滋養和善待的狀態。

在創造性藝術治療團體（Creative Arts Therapy, CAT）中，成員表現出毒品成癮者常見的行為，像是對團體阻抗、成員流失等現象。團體帶領者需要在初期建立穩定的安全氛圍，並且嘗試將榮格取向的象徵性語言融入其中。成員需要理解這些概念並積極參與創作，最終研究者透過成員提供的素材進行分析。

榮格治療學派的個體化核心概念認為，每個人終其一生會經歷獨特的內在整合過程，通常會經歷三個階段：母親的世界、父親的世界與個體化歷程。研究者以主題命名的形式將9名成員歸類至四個主題中：在關係中的情結觸發與移情；身體與心靈能量的對立；在探索個人心靈結構時，心靈能量的流轉；邁向個體化的歷程（Foster, 2017/2022），這些主題反映了成員在不同發展階段的心靈變化和成長。

 

"Some drug addicts, due to early psychological trauma, lack the ability to deal with anxiety, unable to follow the principles of reality to adapt to social expectations, and escape to the world of drugs to eliminate their inner discomfort. When the individual is unable to face the setbacks of life, the development of the mind is stagnant, and the process of individuation is hindered, it is easy to stay in the state of the Jungian "" puer aeternus/puella aeterna”. In prison, drug addicts are often prone to projecting their inner turmoil onto the environment, finding it difficult to accept the episodic role of the inmate, but craving to be nourished and treated kindly.

In creative art therapy groups, members exhibit behaviors that are common to drug addicts, such as group resistance and member attrition. Group leaders need to build a sense of security at the outset and try to incorporate Jungian-oriented symbolic language. Members need to understand these concepts and actively participate in the creation, and finally the researcher analyzes the materials provided by the members.

The core concept of individuation in Jungian psychology is that each person undergoes a unique process of inner integration throughout their life, usually going through three stages: the mother’s world, the father’s world, and the process of individuation. The researchers categorized the nine members into four themes in the form of topic naming: complex triggering and empathy in relationships; the opposition between the energies of the body and the mind; the flow of psychic energy in exploring the structure of the individual psyche; Towards a journey towards individualization (Foster, 2017/2022), these themes reflect the spiritual changes and growth of members at different stages of development.