論非暴力不法行為防衛權適配標準的邏輯理路與實踐進路

On the Logic and Practice Approach of the Adaptation Standards for the Defense Right of Non violent and Illegal Acts

構建雙階層判定標準是解決非暴力不法行為適配防衛權的具體方案。該判定標準由形式判定標準與實質判定標準構成。形式判定標準具有優位性，實質判定標準具有補充性與輔助性，二者非並列關係抑或選擇關係，而是補充關係。形式判定標準以正當防衛五要件說為基本內涵，實質判定標準以正義原則為目標，以罪刑法定主義為底線，以法益衡量原則為工具，是正當防衛制度在司法實踐運行中最優化的詮釋。

Constructing a dual class judgment standard is a specific solution to address the adaptation of defense rights to non violent and unlawful acts. This judgment standard consists of formal judgment standards and substantive judgment standards. The formal judgment criteria have superiority, while the substantive judgment criteria have complementarity and auxiliary properties. The two are not in a parallel or selective relationship, but in a complementary relationship. The formal judgment standard is based on the five elements of legitimate defense, while the substantive judgment standard is aimed at the principle of justice, with the principle of legality of crime and punishment as the bottom line, and the principle of measuring legal interests as the tool. It is the optimal interpretation of the legitimate defense system in judicial practice.