論身分竊盜與身分冒用之刑事處罰

Discussions on Criminal Penalties for Identity Theft and Identity Misuse

隨著網際網路的普及，個人身分資訊被「偷竊」的情況也日益嚴重。身分被竊盜與身分被冒用涉及多項法益的侵害，引發各國立法者對於現行規範存在缺漏的憂慮，而有單獨將身分竊盜與身分冒用入罪化的呼聲。本文首先將對此一現象進行定義，並進一步整理出典型的身分竊盜與身分冒用案例，最後全面探討我國現行刑事法規對於典型類型的處罰是否存在著漏洞。文末將從外國刑事政策與刑事立法觀點出發，回答我國是否應該要針對身分竊盜與身分冒用行為特別設立刑事法規處罰之。

With the prevalence of the Internet, the situation of personal identity information being “stolen” is increasingly serious. Identity theft and identity misuse involve infringements on multiple legal interests, prompting legislators worldwide to express concerns about the deficiencies in current regulations. There is a growing call for the criminalization of identity theft and identity misuse as separate offenses. This article first defines this phenomenon and further organizes typical cases of identity theft and identity misuse. Finally, it comprehensively discusses whether there are loopholes in the current criminal laws and regulations in Taiwan regarding the punishment of typical cases. The conclusion will explore whether we should establish specific criminal regulations for the punishment of identity theft and identity misuse, starting from the perspectives of foreign criminal policies and legislative views.