《大正藏》與CBETA 的錯誤及其起因考：以支婁迦讖譯《般舟三昧經》為例

An Examination of the Errors and its Causes in the Taishō Canon and CBETA—Taking the Pratyutpanna Samādhi Sūtra translated by Lokakṣema as an Example

《大正藏》與CBETA是當代漢文大藏經的研究者們所常用的版本。然而，它們含有不少的錯誤。儘管大部分錯誤無法影響一部經論的中心思想，但有些錯誤卻可能造成學者們對某句經文的誤讀或誤翻。過去雖然已有學者探討《大正藏》與CBETA的錯誤，但並未系統性地追溯其起因。本文嘗試以支婁迦讖譯《般舟三昧經》（T418）為例，將《大正藏》、CBETA所見的版本與相關底本—《高麗藏》、《縮刷藏》、《頻伽藏》進行校勘，考察出其中所蘊藏的錯誤，並釐清其成因。研究結果顯示這些版本的錯誤，可分為五個層次：從《再雕藏》開始的錯誤、從《縮刷藏》開始的錯誤、從《頻伽藏》開始的錯誤、從《大正藏》開始的錯誤、從CBETA開始的錯誤。由此可見，有些錯誤是《大正藏》或CBETA本身造成的，但也有很大一部分錯誤是從相關底本複製過來，可謂「一版傳一版」。如此的結果，放在其他經論亦準。本文建議研究者應細心留意《大正藏》與CBETA的錯誤及其起因，如此才能減少誤讀與誤翻的機率，甚至建立更可靠的版本。

 

Both the Taishō edition of the Chinese Buddhist canon and CBETA are commonly used by contemporary Chinese Tripitaka researchers. However, they contain quite a few errors. Although most of the errors are unable to change the central idea of a sūtra, some errors may cause scholars to misread or mistranslate certain verses. Although some scholars have discussed the errors found in the Taishō and CBETA, they have not systematically traced their causes. This paper takes Lokakṣema’s translation of the Pratyutpanna Samādhi Sūtra (T418) as an example, and collates the versions seen in the Taisho and CBETA with the editions they are based on, including the Koryŏ, Tokyo, and Pin Jia Zang editions. Having tried to find out all the errors contained therein, I traced their original causes. The results show that the errors contained in these editions can be divided into five categories: errors starting from the Koryŏ edition, errors starting from the Tokyo edition, errors starting from the Pin Jia Zang, errors starting from the Taishō, and the errors starting from CBETA. It can be seen that some errors are caused by the Taishō and CBETA themselves, but there are also a large number of errors copied from previous editions. Such a result is also applicable to other sūtras. This paper suggests that researchers should pay careful attention to the errors and their causes in the Taishō and CBETA, so as to reduce the chances of misreading and mistranslation, and even to create a more reliable version of a sūtra.