With the development of intelligent manufacturing and the upgrading of industrial structure, all industries are facing the transformation and upgrading towards refined and efficient production models. This article takes engine piston and connecting rod as the research object. Firstly, the production process of piston and connecting rod is analyzed, and then the corresponding processing equipment is listed. Then, the layout design of the piston and connecting rod workshop is completed according to the layout standards of the intelligent workshop; Secondly, the transportation problem of engine piston connecting rods between storage units and various processing units during the production process was further analyzed. The scheduling strategy under multiple AGV modes was studied, and an optimization model was established with the lowest comprehensive cost of time and distance. Finally, an improved genetic algorithm was used to solve the model parameters. The simulation experiment results show that the proposed method can improve production efficiency by 7.5%.