重大疫病對於勞動契約之衝擊與回應──以COVID-19之經驗為例

The Impact and Response of Major Epidemics on Labour Contracts: Taking the Experience of COVID-19 as an Example

COVID-19疫情爆發後，為減緩病毒之傳播，各國政府紛紛祭出各項限制措施，此不僅影響企業對於人力之運用，並大幅影響到勞動生活。本文以重大疫病對於勞動契約之衝擊與回應為主題，探討因疫情而引發之法律問題。
討論範圍主要分為兩部分：其一為疫情對於勞動關係主給付義務的影響，勞工可能因確診、企業停工、交通停駛等各種事由無法正常履行勞務給付義務，在此即須探討勞工是否免為給付義務以及雇主是否仍須續付工資之問題。此外，由於COVID-19病毒有極高之傳染力，一旦發生職場群聚感染，除了將危及勞工之生命、身體、健康外，亦會影響企業之營運，故本文亦擬從勞動關係中附隨義務出發，探討雇主與勞工對於職場防疫應負何等義務，以及違反時之法律效果。

After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, to slow down the spread of the virus, governments worldwide have resorted to various restrictive measures, which not only affect the use of human resources by enterprises but also have a major impact on working life. This essay aims to take the impact and response of major epidemics on labour contracts as the theme and discuss the legal issues caused by the epidemic.
In this case, the scope of the essay is mainly divided into two parts. First, the impact of the epidemic on the main payment obligations of labour relations where labourers may not be able to perform their labour payment obligations normally due to various reasons such as diagnosis, enterprise shutdown, and traffic stoppage. The issue of payment obligations and whether the employer still has to continue to pay wages. Secondly, because the COVID-19 virus is highly contagious, once a workplace cluster infection occurs, it will not only endanger the life, body, and health of the workers but also affect the operation of the enterprise. With this in mind, this article intends to attach starting from obligations, discuss what obligations employers and workers should undertake regarding workplace epidemic prevention, and the legal consequences of violations.