金融消費者保護之再進化──英國新消費者義務之介紹與啟示

Evolution of Financial Consumer Protection: Introduction and Implication of UK’s New Consumer Duty

英國新近推動「新消費者義務」，旨在強調消費者義務之概念，係確保消費者利益為公司每個決定之中心。在此概念下，公司應致力及證明其所提供之成果符合消費者義務的概念。其適用範圍涵蓋分銷鏈中的生產者或經銷商，亦強調公司文化、治理與課責之重要性。本文認為此內容值得參考，但臺灣如欲進一步引進，則應強化調查與回饋，並界定清楚與既有法律體系之關係。又英國以原則監理之架構，且較少賦予私人訴權，與有FOS之妥適運作以及公平合理原則作為彈性救濟有相關。我國亦應注意英國之整體架構，重新思考監理政策與評議機制之設計。

The U.K. recently introduces “New Consumer Duty”, aims to emphasize the liability to consumer and ensure the interest of consumer central to every decision made by firms. Within this framework, firms should improve and prove the results satisfying consumer duty. The application scope of this duty includes producer and distributor in distribution chain. This duty also emphasizes the importance of firms’ culture, governance and accountability. The author of this article believes that the duty is worth of consideration for Taiwan. However, the authority should improve investigation and response, and clarify the relation with current legal system in Taiwan. The U.K.’s framework of outcome-based regulation without private right of action, may be related to the proper unction of FOS and flexible application of fair and reasonable rule. Thus, Taiwan is suggested to reconsider the regulation policy and operation of Financial Ombudsman Institution, with the caution of the overall framework of the U.K.