河川土地回復所有權之登記──土地法第12條第2項規定關聯之登記問題

The Recovery Registration of Restoration Ownership of River Land

土地法第12條規定：「（第1項）私有土地，因天然變遷成為湖澤或可通運之水道時，其所有權視為消滅。（第2項）前項土地，回復原狀時，經原所有權人證明為其原有者，仍回復其所有權。」而臺灣於日據時期，依當時法令規定，已登記之私有土地，經劃為河川區域者，即不得為私有，乃塗銷其所有權登記；嗣臺灣光復後，是類土地回復原狀時，亦得適用土地法第12條第2項規定回復原所有權。

Article 12 of the Land Law stipulates:“Wherever private land becomes part of a lake or navigable waterway by the operation of natural forces, the ownership thereof shall be deemed to have been extinguished. When any land referred to in the preceding paragraph reverts to its original condition and its original owner produces evidence to substantiate his original ownership, his ownership thereof shall be restored.”For a long time, the application of the provisions of Paragraph 2 of this article has caused many legal controversies.
In this article, there are three main points: 1. Explain the legal issue of Article 12, Paragraph 2 of the Land Law on restoring the original land ownership. 2. When the original owner restores his land ownership, how to apply to the registration authority for registration of restoration ownership. 3. Explain the content of the Supreme Administrative Court’s 110-year Shangzi No. 3 judgment regarding the dispute on the restoration of land ownership registration.