臺灣人口結構老化進程中的人口政策、照顧關係，與社區照顧共同資源途徑的反思

Reconsidering the Demographic Policy and Care Relationship During the Demographic Aging Process in Taiwan: The Perspective of Community Commons' Institutional Approach

隨著臺灣人口結構老化進程的持續，臺灣在人口政策的回應，已從對人口數量的控制，逐漸轉向照顧等社會再生產相關政策，以回應因人口結構老化而產生的各類照顧問題。然而從既有的研究文獻和社會改革理論來看，從老人照顧、兒童照顧，再到青年就業問題的回應，一方面呈現了人口再生產議題的主要訴求面向，另方面則呈現了其在整合上的困難。特別是在照顧倫理行動的實踐上，現有的政策回應，難以落實個人在生命歷程中與他人的相互依賴和情感需要。而透過對社會投資國家理論與社會不平等的反思，以及社區共同資源理論的對話，我們試著提出藉由在地社區對照顧價值的肯認與倫理行動，以及國家角色的重構等構想，以作為回應台灣社會再生產挑戰的可能途徑。

 

With the continuation of aging on the demography in Taiwan, the response of population policy has gradually shifted from population control to social reproduction, such as care provision and the promotion of local youth employment. However, viewing from the existing literature and the related policy reform theories, the current responses to the issues of old-aged care, child care, and adult employment have shown on the one hand a predominant appeal on reproduction, and on the other demonstrated difficulties in integration. Specifically on the practice of ethical action, existing policy responses have made it difficult to cater to an individual’s interdependence and emotional needs with others during individual’s life course. Through the reconsidering of social investment state theory and social inequality, as well as the dialogue with the commons’ theory of community economy, we try to propose a possible strategy that recognizes care value and ethical action from the autonomy of local communities, as well as the reconfiguration of the role of the state. We think it can be the possible approach to respond to the challenges of social reproduction in Taiwan.