論專用電信之法制與政策

On Legal Issues and Policy of Dedicated Telecommunication Network

隨著5G公眾電信網路2020年7月1日正式啟用，5G專用電信網路也蓄勢待發。依照電信管理法第50條，專用電信網路「不得連接公眾電信網路或供設置目的以外之用」。如何劃定「專用」之概念範圍，以及連接公眾電信之判斷標準，乃成為重要議題。鑑於我國向來欠缺專用電信之法學研究，本文以日本法為比較研究之對象，並以制度沿革史作為研究方法，探討日本及臺灣各個時代的管制政策與指導理念，並釐清人民設置專用電信之公法上法律地位。經由上述研究成果，本文一方面嘗試從法釋義學角度，說明憲法上通訊傳播自由保障專用電信之具體內涵，界定「專用」之概念範圍；另一方面也從管制政策角度，參酌科技發展趨勢，建議撤除專用電信網路禁止連結公眾電信網路之限制。

With the beginning of the operation of the 5G public telecommunications network (PTN) on July 1, 2020, 5G dedicated telecommunications networks (DTN) are also getting ready. In accordance with Article 50 of the Telecommunications Management Act, DTN “may not be connected to public telecommunications networks or used for purposes other than the purpose of installation.” The issues may involve how to define the scope of the concept of “dedicated” and the criteria for judging the connection with PTN. Given there is little legal research on DTN in Taiwan, this comparative research is based on the laws in Japan and in Taiwan. It compares the regulatory policies in both countries during different time frames and clarifies the public legal status of the people to set up DTN. On the basis of the research results, this article attempts to explain the specific connotations of the constitutional freedom of communication and protection of DTN from the perspective of legal interpretation and defines the scope of the concept of “dedicated”. In addition, it also considers the development trend of technology from the perspective of regulatory policies. It is recommended to remove the restrictions on DTN that prohibit any connection to PTN.