無相與唐代成都大聖慈寺的建立

Wu-xiang 無相 and Establishment of the Monastery Dashengcisi 大聖慈寺 in Chengdu in Tang Dynasty

成都（今中國四川省成都市）大聖慈寺，是在安史之亂時由唐玄宗（685-762, 712-756在位）支持興建，其後逐漸發展為西南第一大寺。受命擘畫該寺規制者，則為一新羅入唐僧人無相（684-762）。無相是唐代禪宗傳承的重要人物，然其與大聖慈寺建立的關係，迄今仍未受到足夠重視。本文將考察無相在中國佛教文獻中的感通形象，及新羅佛教影響，與玄宗護國祈願等因素，如何使無相獲得建立大聖慈寺規制的機會，從而審視中古時期寺院的形成，以及王權與佛教的關係。

 

The monastery Dashengcisi 大聖慈寺 was built with Tang Emperor Xuan-zong 唐玄宗 (685-762, r. 712-756) support in Chengdu during the rebellion of An Lu-shan 安祿山 (703-757, r. 756-757) and became the largest monastery in southern-west China. The Silla monk Wu-xiang 無相 (684-762) stimulated the rules of the the monastery Dashengcisi and of crucial to the Ch’an Sect 禪宗 in Tang. This article discusses how images of using thaumaturgic powers, the influence of Silla Buddhism and Xuan-zong’s pray for protecting the country made Wu-xiang stimulator of rules of this monastery. Through this investigation, I will examine how monastery built and relation between kingship and Buddhism in medieval China.