Due to global warming, cities face climate change and increasing carbon dioxide emissions, making the urban heat island effect more pronounced. It is therefore necessary to strengthen mitigation and adjustment strategies for the city’s overall energy consumption in the future. This research analyzes and compares two metropolitan areas’ carbon budget projects in Taichung and Tainan, and comprehensively presents the characteristics that affect Taiwan’s metropolitan areas’ total energy consumption. The Taichung metropolitan area uses a single-case block profile as the basic unit and focuses on detailed building carbon emissions and transportation carbon emissions. In terms of the Tainan metropolitan area, the analysis is based on the urban grid. In addition to quantifying the metropolitan area’s overall carbon budget, this study also covers both small-scale and large-scale urban areas and establishes a simplified model for various carbon dioxide emissions in local cities. The overall energy consumption of the two metropolitan areas shows that an area with higher population density will induce less carbon emissions, which may due to the relationship between urban infrastructure and its quantity of service populations. Based on our analysis using the city’s livable environment’s assessment indicators, the evaluation results of building-transport indicators and real estate pricing indicators we developed an index which includes building, transport, land price, and income factors. The overall carbon emissions of the Taichung metropolitan area are positively correlated with building-transport indicators and real estate pricing indicators. Compared with the Tainan metropolitan area’s usage characteristics, due to suburban use, there are apparent differences between the two metropolitan areas. This research helped develop a complete urban energy consumption indicator and future strategy model, which can be promoted through regulations for the periodical review of urban planning.
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