跨產業污染下的環境與產業政策對污染防治之影響

The Impact of Environmental and Industrial Policies under Cross-Industry Pollution on Pollution Prevention

產業發展過程中，常常會由於污染排放的問題，導致其他產業遭受損害，同時迫使受污染部門以較高的成本來從事生產行為。本研究在跨產業污染的理論架構下，分別討論政府使用環境政策以及產業政策下，對於廠商污染防治行為的影響。結果發現：1.在政府對污染廠商課徵排放稅，若污染廠商未進行污染防治，最適政策為負的排放稅（生產補貼）；若污染廠商有污染防治，最適政策排放稅/生產補貼，視污染程度而定。3.不論污染製造廠商有無進行污染防治，對污染製造廠商給予排放稅（生產補貼）下的社會福利水準，將高於對受污染廠商給予生產補貼。

This article discusses the impact of government policies on pollution prevention under the cross-industry pollution. The results are as follows: 1. If the polluter does not carry out pollution prevention, the optimal policy is a negative emission tax (production subsidy); if the polluter has pollution prevention, the optimal policy depends on the degree of pollution. 3. Regardless of whether the polluter conducts pollution prevention or not, the social welfare under the emission tax (production subsidy) given to the polluter will be higher than the production subsidy given to the polluted firm.