台北縣市國小高年級學童生活習慣與睡眠品質之關係探討

A Study of the Relationship between Living Habits and Sleep Quality of Fifth & Sixth Grade Students at Taipei Elementary School

本研究的目的在瞭解學齡兒童睡眠品質的現況，探討學童的生活習慣與睡眠品質之關係。以立意取樣選取台北縣市共六所國小，每校五、六年級各取一班，以結構式問卷為研究工具，共取得383個有效樣本。研究結果 (1)研究對象之夜間睡眠時數平均數為9±1.03小時(平日為8.45±0.91小時，假日為9.56±1.67小時)，假日比平日約多睡1小時。(2)維持生活的規律性是影響學童睡眠品質的重要因素。(3)睡前看電視、使用電腦、玩電動或電腦遊戲嚴重影響睡眠品質。(4)道晚安是重要的睡前儀式，可有效促進睡眠品質。(5)父母適當的監督行為可影響學童生活規律，進而影響其睡眠品質。依據研究結果，建議關注並協助學童建立良好的生活規律和習慣，以促進優良的睡眠品質。

The purpose of this study was to understand the sleep quality of school-age children. Further more, to explore the relationship between personal factors、living habits and sleep quality. The subject consisted of 383 elementary school students of the fifth & sixth grade in Taipei who was selected by survey sampling methods. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive and inference statistics by SPSS/Windows 12.0 software. This study indicated the results. (1) 18.8% of the subject chose the answers which were bad and very bad in sleep quality. 77.6% of the cases fall asleep in 30 minutes. The average sleep hours were 9 hours/day (8.45 hours in school days and 9.56 hours in holidays. A large amount about 93.9% had been having sleep disturbance. (2) Living habits and sleep quality were significantly correlated: the more regular their daytime activity, the better their sleep quality. (3) There would be more problems when they slept in the evening、turned on the lights to sleep or had more activities before sleep. Watching television, using computers or playing electrical or computer games before going to bed seriously affected the quality of sleep. (4) To say “good night” was an important ritual, which could promote the quality of sleep effectively. (5) Parents’ supervision and appropriate behavior could affect the regularity of children’s daytime activities; thereby affect the quality of their sleep. As the results, we suggested that parents should pay attention and help their children to establish good patterns of life habits, in order to promote their good sleep quality.