中國在南海的擴張──漁業對區域經濟及國 際政治的影響力

China's Expansion in South China Sea: Fishery's Impact on Regional Economies and International Politic

南海海域一直存在著一個嚴重的爭議就是中國和其他爭議國都頻繁的在這片經濟海域上非法、未報告、或不受法律管制的捕魚作業，造成了漁群資源量非常的緊迫，同時也影響著這些南海國家的食物資源與人民的人身安全。本文首先回顧與探討中國政府對這塊爭議 性海域的九段線主張與歷史性的立場。第二，作者以歐美的立場來辨識與分析可能解決這片專屬經濟海域主權紛爭相關的國際法與國際協議。第三，作者藉由漁業經濟數據來評估中國的南海主張對於其他爭議國的經濟利益之影響與衝擊。最後則是試著提供能夠解決南海漁 業爭端的方案和建議。

There is a serious issue concerning the South China Sea, including illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing operation. These growing activities in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) by China and the other Southeast Asian claimants in the area put fish stocks under enormous pressure, and greatly influence food, and consequently, human security in the coastal zones of the sea. This article first examines the “nine-dotted line” claim and historical positions of the PRC government regarding the disputed territory. It will also identify and analysis the principle of the related international laws and agreements to address the regional disputes over sovereignty of EEZ. Moreover, it will evaluate the impact of the economic interest of all the Southeast Asian claimants in the area due to China's claim and positions. As a final goal, it will provide possible solutions and suggestions to resolve the current dispute.