創造思考的心理技巧在創意產生之應用－以概念組合為例

The Application of Conceptual Combination in Idea Generating

創造力具有無從估量的動能與價值，可以產生新的科學發現、革新發明、藝術運動和社會進步，更是人類文明的主要驅動力量，概念組合是有創意的人經常使用的思考策略之一，長久以來，概念組合被認為是創造力的泉源，創造過程是兩種或兩種以上概念的組合，導致新奇的主體。概念組合可說是普遍原則、理論構念或重要屬性之間緊密關係的建立，使兩種或以上的觀點加以整合。此外，類比、隱喻、和類似等策略經常使用於創造思考，與概念組合之間彼此互有重疊之處。就效用而言，概念組合有助於創造功能，同時矛盾概念比相容的概念導致較多的效果，探索和精緻化的過程具有相等的重要性。就類型而言，概念組合可大致區分為三類，第一類為形容詞、名次片語的組合；第二類為形容詞加上名詞，或是名詞加上名詞；第三類是修飾語語名詞組合的子類型。就實用技術而言，本文歸納出達文西技術、結構連結、情境建構、組合現有資訊及多元的觀點等技術，可實際運用於增進創造思考。最後，本文陳述概念組合的運用途徑，並提出結語。

Creativity is powerful and valuable. It is a major driving force of progress in human civilization and can lead to new scientific findings， innovative inventions， new movements in art， and new social programs. Conceptual combination is one of thinking strategies that creative person often uses. It has long been thought as a wellspring of creativity. The creative process that merging two or more concepts can result in a novel entity. Conceptual combination is establishment of close relationship among the generalized principles， theoretical constructs and essential attributes， and it causes two or more ideas to mix together. Moreover， analogy， metaphor and similarity that overlap with conceptual combination are often used in creative thinking.From the viewpoint of conceptual combination effect， conceptual combination can distribute to creative function. Dissimilar pairs can generate more novel product than similar pairs. The process of exploration and elaboration are the same important. Conceptual combination can be broadly divided into three types: (1) the combination of adjective plus noun phrase; (2) the combination of adjective plus noun or noun plus noun; (3) the subtype of the modifier-head combination. The article provides several strategies of Da Vinci Technique， structural alignment， scenario construction， combining existing information and multiple perspectives that can use in conceptual combination and enhance creative thinking. At last， the study offers the application of conceptual combination and makes the conclusions.