「輔導合法」或是「轉型正義」？關於國土計畫空間作業原鄉農四劃設的法律地理學思考

Guidance for Legitimization or Path to Transformative Justice? A Legal Geographical Reflection on the Zoning Operation of National Spatial Planning Act in Indigenous Area, Taiwan

空間與權力兩者相互建構，而揭示空間背後的權力關係，並啟發空間實踐來改變不正義的權力關係，正是法律地理學的重要任務。本研究旨在探討台灣原住民地區在實施《國土計畫法》過程中，國土計畫空間作業原鄉農四劃設所引發原住民社會之困惑與不滿的結構性原因。本研究運用檔案研究、個案研究和參與觀察等方法，經過分析後指出，國土計畫空間作業原鄉農四劃設過程中存在多個落差。這些落差根本上是由於官僚體系的行政邏輯與原住民族部落視角之間存在時空參照架構的衝突所形成。即使《國土計畫法》中揭櫫「保存原住民族傳統文化、領域及智慧，並建立互利共榮機制」的精神，但隨著行政邏輯在實施過程中的強化，原住民族部落角度的觀點仍處於不利地位。最後，本研究提出了對於落實原住民規劃之精神的建議。

Space and power mutually construct each other. Revealing the power relations behind space, and inspiring spatial practices to change unjust power dynamics is a key task of legal geography. This study aims to explore the structural causes of confusion and dissatisfaction in Indigenous communities in Taiwan during the implementation of the National Spatial Planning Act, particularly regarding the designation of Category 4 of Agricultural Zone. Adopting the methods of archival research, case studies, and participant observation, the analysis identifies several gaps in the process of zoning operation in indigenous areas. These gaps fundamentally arise from the conflicting spatial-chronological reference frameworks between the administrative logic of the bureaucratic system and the Indigenous communities. Although the National Spatial Planning Act highlights“the preservation of Indigenous peoples’traditional cultures, territories, and wisdom, and the establishment of mutually beneficial mechanisms”, the re-enforcement of administrative logic during implementation still leaves Indigenous perspectives at a disadvantage. In the end, this study provides recommendations for better realizing the spirit of Indigenous planning.