檢視縣市居民對社會住宅租賃期限之看法

Examining Residents’Perspectives on Social Housing Lease Terms across Cities and Counties

居住穩定為多數人之期待，並影響身心健康與幸福感知。基於此一概念下，本文檢視縣市居民對於社會住宅租賃期限之看法，以瞭解當前社會住宅租期之設計是否滿足居民的需求。在考慮樣本異質性下，本文採用一般化依序Probit模型進行分析。實證結果顯示，除了雲林縣，各縣市與不同個體條件，對於社會住宅租期之選擇機率最高均落於6至未滿7年；即使是高房價的臺北市，或家戶所得低於每月2萬元者，選擇機率最大仍落於6至未滿7年之區間，顯示目前社會住宅租期之設計，原則為3年，最多可延長合計至多6年；經濟弱勢與身心障礙者可長達12年，尚能滿足各縣市與不同條件居民之居住需求。但因應各縣市社經環境差異造成房價所得比達難以負荷，及各縣市居民之本異質需求下，中央宜研議授權各縣市政府自行研訂社會住宅之租期條件，以滿足縣市居民不同需求，及落實地方自治精神。

Residential stability is a common expectation among most people, and it affects both physical and mental health as well as perceived well-being. Based on this concept, this study examines county and city residents’views on the lease terms of social housing in order to understand whether the current design of lease periods meets residents’needs. Taking sample heterogeneity into account, this study employs a Generalised Ordered Probit Model for analysis. The empirical results show that, with the exception of Yunlin County, across counties, cities, and various individual conditions, the probability of choosing a lease term is highest in the interval between 6 and less than 7 years. Even in Taipei City with high housing prices, or among households with monthly incomes below NT$20,000, the greatest probability still falls in the 6 to less than 7 years range. This indicates that the current design of social housing lease terms, with a principle of 3 years and may be extended up to a total of 6 years, and up to 12 years for economically disadvantaged groups and persons with disabilities, can still satisfy the housing needs of residents across counties, cities, and conditions. However, given that differences in socioeconomic environments across counties and cities have resulted in housing price-to-income ratios reaching unsustainable levels, and considering the heterogeneous needs of local residents, it is recommended that the central government deliberate on granting local governments the authority to establish their own social housing lease conditions. This could better meet the diverse needs of county and city residents and embody the spirit of local autonomy.